The Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) program provides non-dilutive funding to help U.S. startups transform cutting-edge technologies into market-ready solutions. This guide explains how SBIR works, who qualifies, what gets funded, and how to apply — equipping founders with the essentials to secure grants, build traction, and move from research to real-world impact.

SBIR grants provide crucial non-dilutive funding, but they’re generally considered taxable income by the IRS. Grant funds must be reported as revenue, though most related research expenses can be deducted to reduce tax liability. Proper record-keeping, utilizing eligible deductions, and consulting tax professionals can help manage these obligations and keep your focus on innovation.

SBIR award announcements typically occur within 3–6 months after submission, varying by phase and federal agency. Key agencies like NIH, NSF, DoD, and DOE follow distinct schedules. Entrepreneurs must regularly verify specific dates via SBIR.GOV or SBIR.ORG to effectively plan resources, budgets, and strategic initiatives, ensuring optimal preparation and successful project outcomes.

SBIR data rights protect technical data and intellectual property developed under SBIR-funded projects for at least 20 years.

This comprehensive guide explains which federal SBIR/STTR agencies provide Technical and Business Assistance (TABA) funding, detailing amounts, vendor rules, common application pitfalls, and real-world case studies. Learn how TABA funding significantly aids small businesses in successfully transitioning innovations from research to commercial markets.

Quickly access key contacts for SBIR/STTR program managers at federal agencies. This directory includes emails, phone numbers, and direct links to agency-specific SBIR pages, simplifying your application process and helping your innovation move smoothly toward commercialization.

This guide outlines the specific timing and frequency of SBIR solicitation cycles across federal agencies. Learn key deadlines and plan strategically to ensure timely and successful Phase I and Phase II submissions.

Learn about the three critical phases of the SBIR program: Phase I feasibility studies, Phase II prototyping and development, and Phase III commercialization. Clearly understand each phase's objectives, activities, and funding structures to successfully guide your innovation to market.

Explore the SBIR program's 11 participating agencies, including NSF, NIH, DoD, DOE, USDA, DOT, and NASA. Understand how their missions, innovation priorities, and funding strategies differ to strategically match your project and maximize your funding success.

Understanding the differences between SBIR and STTR can help small businesses choose the right path to federal R&D funding. This guide explains key distinctions, eligibility, and use cases—plus a fictional case study to illustrate the decision-making process.